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Understanding RO_CIUS and RO e-Factura

RO_CIUS adds Romanian rules to EN 16931 for invoices sent through RO e-Factura. See what it adds, the dates and what Klarbon does with it.

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RO_CIUS is Romania's core invoice usage specification: national rules on top of the European standard EN 16931, approved by Order 1366/2021 of the Minister of Finance. Invoices that follow it, in UBL or CII, are sent through RO e-Factura, the national system run by the Ministry of Finance and ANAF. B2B invoices have had to go through the system since 1 July 2024. Klarbon opens RO_CIUS invoices in beta.

What does RO_CIUS add?

Property Value
Base EN 16931
Syntaxes UBL 2.1 Invoice and CreditNote, CII
Legal basis Order 1366/2021 of the Minister of Finance
Identifier in the CustomizationID (BT-24): urn:cen.eu:en16931:2017#compliant#urn:efactura.mfinante.ro:CIUS-RO:1.0.1
Validation artefacts Schematron rules published by the Ministry, ro16931-ubl 1.0.9 since 5 June 2024

The Ministry publishes validators for UBL and CII, sample invoices and the Schematron files on its technical information page (in Romanian).

Who has to use RO e-Factura?

From What
1 January 2024 B2B invoices reported in the system
1 July 2024 B2B invoices sent through the system
1 January 2025 B2C invoices reported in the system

Source: Ministry of Finance, in Romanian. Exceptions and details are in the official guidance. This is general information, not tax advice.

What does Klarbon do with RO_CIUS?

Task Status
Open a UBL invoice that declares RO_CIUS 1.0.1 beta, in open an e-invoice
Use it as the source for a conversion beta
Write a UBL invoice that declares RO_CIUS 1.0.1 beta
Check against the Romanian Schematron rules not yet

Klarbon does not upload invoices to RO e-Factura and cannot produce the system's response or seal. A file Klarbon writes has not been accepted by ANAF until the system says so.

Frequently asked questions

What is RO_CIUS?

Romania's core invoice usage specification, the national rules applied on top of the European standard EN 16931. It was approved by Order 1366/2021 of the Minister of Finance.

What is RO e-Factura?

The Romanian national e-invoicing system run by the Ministry of Finance and ANAF. Invoices that follow RO_CIUS are sent through it, as set out in Emergency Ordinance 120/2021.

Is RO e-Factura mandatory between businesses?

According to the Ministry of Finance, sending B2B invoices through the system has been mandatory since 1 July 2024, after a reporting phase that started on 1 January 2024. B2C reporting followed on 1 January 2025.

Which syntaxes does RO_CIUS use?

UBL 2.1 Invoice and CreditNote, and CII. The Ministry publishes validators for both and Schematron rules for the UBL syntax.

Sources

Updated 5 November 2026

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